Motherboard:
The motherboard is a printed circuit board that connects to other parts of the computer. Has installed a series of integrated, among which is Chipset which serves as a hub between the processor, ROM memory, expansion buses and other devices.
This serves as a hub between the processor, ROM memory, expansion buses and other devices.
motherboard's basic functions are as follows: Distributing power from the power supply. Provide the paths or roads datas of information for control signals and information. Offers multiple sockets or ports for connecting external components. Positions provide expansion to add integrated circuits (IC) or printed circuit boards (PCB).
is installed inside a cabinet that is usually made of sheet and has a panel for connecting external devices and many internal connectors and sockets to install components into the cabinet
The motherboard needs to have dimensions compatible with the cabinets that contain them, so that from the first personal computers, mechanical characteristics are established, called form factor. Define the distribution of various components and physical dimensions such as length and width of the card, the position of fixing holes and the characteristics of the connectors.
• XT: The format of the board of the IBM PC model 5160, launched in 1983 with the same. In this form factor is defined exactly like the size of a sheet letter-size paper and a single external connector for the keyboard.
• 1984 AT 305 × 305 mm (IBM)
• Baby AT: 216 × 330 mm
• AT: One of the larger formats in the entire history of the PC (305 × 279-330 mm) set out the power connector consists of two parts. It was used extensively from 1985 to 1995.
• 1995 ATX 305 x 244 mm (Intel) or MicroATX
: 244 × 244 mm or FlexATX
: 229 × 191 mm or miniATX
: 284 × 208 mm • ATX
: Created by a group led by Intel in 1995 introduced external connections in the form of a panel I / O and defined a 20-pin connector for power. Used currently in the form of several variants, including extra power connectors or reductions in size.
Brands: Abit, Albatron, Aopen, ASUS, ATI, Biostar, Chaintech, DFO, Elite, Epox, Foxconn, Gigabyte Technology, Intel, MSI, NVIDIA, QDI, Sapphire Technology, Soltek, Super Micro, Tyan, Via, XFX.
Microprocessor:
The microprocessor itself is nothing more than a thin silicon plate are welded where a set of electronic components, and these are responsible for handling all the electrical signals representing bits (short for binary digit) zeros when there is no current, and some, when electric current flows. Transistors are used mainly because they use silicon, which is a semiconductor material, these materials have the property that under certain conditions allow or not to pass current through it, and so it is easier to symbolize the binary code.
is responsible for monitoring and processing of data around the computer. For this task, you need to help other elements capable of performing specific tasks and free up costly and difficult work to the microprocessor.
microprocessors do not have a definite shape.
The microprocessor is connected to the soket that has the motherboard.
There are basically two types of processor structure, which are today the diversity of chips on the market (the clearest and most successful is the AMD and Intel). On the one hand we have RISC microprocessors which are based on simple instructions and therefore the overall complexity of the CPU is lower. Some examples are: Power PC, Motorola and SPARC, mostly used in companies for their performance and reliability. On the other hand, microprocessors CISC (Complex-Instruction-Set-Computing) contain complex instructions, take up more size, spending more time with fewer instructions per instruction. Some examples are: Pentium, Cyrix and AMD.
RAM (Random Access Memory - Random Access Memory).
RAM is the memory used computers and other devices. It is usually used for temporary storage of information. This type of memory is volatile, so its contents are lost when there is no electricity.
Memory: where the computer stores information that can be processed faster. In RAM are stored all information being used at the time.
Its function is to contain and circulate the information that is renewed continuously and when the computer is rebooted or loses power, all information is lost, it is called volatile memory.
These memories are connected in the sockets that are on the motherboard in which as the memory type is the type of socket that will use eg.: (SIMM, DIMM, RIMM)
The format of these reports are mixed. Manufacturers are
Kingston, Elixir, Novatech, Corsair and more. Memory ROM
read-only memories (ROM, read-only memory) are, like the RAM, random access memories, but in principle can not change their content. Nor is it clear the information from them if the power is interrupted, so it is a nonvolatile memory.
This type of memory typically stores basic data and computer configuration to be used mainly in the starting. For example, the BIOS and configuration is usually stored in these memories.
Its use is like the RAM is easier to read than the ROM, before use, usually spend the contents of the ROM to RAM.
ROM memory sockets plugs into exclusive to them. These are usually rectangular
One manufacturer is award
Hard Drive The hard drive is the component used to store data permanently, unlike RAM, which is cleared each time you restart the computer, why by which is sometimes called a mass storage device to hard drives.
hard disk controller manages the operation with the disc, plays commands from the processor and sent to the disk in question.
Its operation is based on the heads read / write are "inductive", which means they can generate a magnetic field. This is especially important at the time of writing: heads, creating positive or negative fields, tend to polarize the disk surface in a very tiny, so that when then read, the polarity reversal proceeds complete the circuit with the read head. These fields are then processed through a digital-analog converter (DAC) to 0 or 1 so that the computer can understand.
The hard drive is connected to the motherboard via hard disk controller that in turn acts as an interface between the processor and hard drive.
Hard drives are rectangular and of varying thickness
manufacturers of hard drives are Maxtor, Western Digital, Samsung and other
Video Card A graphics card, video card, graphics accelerator card or display adapter, a card expansion for a computer.
serves to display images on a monitor from a CPU or PC.
Its function is in charge of processing the data from the CPU and turn it into information understandable and representable in an output device such as a monitor or TV.
Plug into a PCI slot, AGP or PCI Express on the model required by the motherboard
Video cards have various forms bone are not defined in particular ways
The manufacturers of these plates are Gforce, Nvidia, SiS, Asus, etc. Monitors and screens
The monitor is an output device which is visible to the user the information found inside the computer. The most common are usually those with cathode ray tubes (CRT), but now is slowly increasing the use of which are based on LCD and plasma technologies.
Used to visualize what is done in the PC
Connects to the video card that is connected to the motherboard that is in the CPU
monitors and screens can be square or rectangular and several inches in size
The main brands are Samsung, Sony, Panasonic, etc..
Webcam A webcam or web cam is a small digital camera
This serves to capture images and transmit them via the Internet, either to a web page or one or more computers in private.
which connects to a computer through a USB port
The webcam has a generally circular shape with an optical lens in front
The main brands are genius, Kodak and other printers
A printer is a device hardware that can print text or graphics
paper serves as a device to print on any documents to anyone
The printer has a print function to the physical electronic formats (leaves, photos, etc.).
Printers are peripheral units, and are permanently attached to the computer by a cable.
These are of different sizes, models, weight and shape. Major manufacturers are
Epson, Canon, Samsung, HP and others. Scanner
The scanner is a device through a lens on the mechanism allows the screen to take on a true copy of reflective images of objects or materials
Their use by eg.: it is to photocopy documents, photos, writings
Connects to a parallel port, serial or USB
The shape is a flat rectangular box with lid
Its leading brands are Canon, HP, Lexmark, Epson Multifunction
Multifunction printers are devices that incorporate different functions of other devices
These multifunction printers are used for fax, scanner, printing, copying, putting them memory cards, etc.
USB printers are connected to the computer via a USB cable.
multifunction printer is the size of a CPU cabinet about
Some manufacturers of multifunction printers include Brother, Canon, Dell, Epson, Hewlett-Packard, Konica Minolta, Kyocera, Lexmark, Okidata, Olivetti, Ricoh, Samsung, Sharp Toshiba and Xerox.
Sound Card sound card or sound card is a computer expansion card that allows audio input and output under the control of a computer program called driver.
The typical use of sound cards is provided through a program that acts as a mixer, multimedia applications sound audio component and can be managed.
It connects via a PCI slot located on the motherboard
is a printed circuit board inputs and outputs for audio
major Sound brands are soundblater plates, glass, realtek and others.
Microphone The microphone is an electroacoustic transducer.
Its function is to transform (translate) the vibrations due to acoustic pressure exerted on the capsule by the sound waves into electrical energy or record sound from any place or item.
The microphone plugs into an audio input tab located on the sound card is
microphones electroacoustic component in tablet form
The main brands are electex, noga, Daewoo and others. Speakers and Headphones
The electroacoustic transducer speakers are used for breeding sound.
Its function is to reproduce sounds of PC multimedia
The speakers are connected to the media output of the soundcard
The speakers have different shapes and sizes according to the manufacturers, brands and models as major manufacturers are
novanex, Sony, soundblaster, Sanyo and others.
Cooling System The cooling system usually consists of a base of aluminum fins that serve to dissipate heat from the heat generated by the microprocessor which in turn is assisted by a cooler (fan) for maximum cooling
Keyboard
A multimedia keyboard is a peripheral or device that consists of a set of keys such as a typewriter, allowing input data to a computer or digital device.
The keyboard has a variety of forms among which there are the ergonometric
The keyboard plugs into a serial connection is located on the motherboard that is exclusively for keyboard
The main brands are Biswal, genies, NovaNet, etc. Mouse
The mouse is a mouse or pointing device.
Its function is to detect the relative motion in two dimensions on the flat surface on which it rests, usually reflected by a pointer or arrow on the monitor.
The mouse is a generally oval plastic semicircle
Major Trademarks are genius, noganet, Biswal, etc.
Touchpad The touchpad or trackpad is a touch input device
The touchpad is used to control a cursor or facilitate navigation through a menu or any graphical interface.
Most touchpads are generally placed in the bottom of the laptop computer keyboards and take the role of mice Desktops. They are usually rectangular in shape and accompanied by 1, 2 or more buttons that represent the buttons on a mouse. Major brands are
optorite, genius, etc..
Stylus The stylus is an ordinary pen that is used on a computer screen
the stylus replaces the mouse usually serves as a pointing device
The stylus is connected through a software
The stylus is shaped like an ordinary pencil
Brand and Generic USB Memory
The USB (Universal Serial Bus, English Pen, USB flash drive) is a small storage device
Memories are a storage and transport most commonly used personal data.
USB drives are plugged into the USB port of the PC
Memories has a web capsule form
One of the most popular brands is
Kingston Network card
A network card is a hardware device widely used and very necessary for the use of a common network in a computer. Currently, a number of different network cards, each for a specific function, being that there are even special types of network cards for notebooks and laptops.
The network card has the function of making a computer that can access a common data network and share information with other computers via the local network. The network cards are also responsible for a computer to make possible access to the Internet.
The network card connects to a socket on the motherboard pci cast
The main brands are realtek, sis and other
Modem A modem is a device used to modulate and demodulate (amplitude, frequency, phase or other system) a signal called carrier by another entry called modulating signal.
is a pci board that plugs into a PCI socket
major brands Motorola, net dragon
Bluetooth Bluetooth is the latest technology such as wireless transmission (IEEE 802.15.1) wireless interface works like
between devices of the same type
The interface is connected via bluetooth or USB port
The bluetooth has a shape similar to a USB
are driving major brands, Nokia, etc. Banda
wide-bluetooth Bluetooth Dial Up Networking (DUN) is a technology for wireless Internet with respect to the Internet using a Bluetooth cell phone as a modem. Bluetooth DUN offers an alternative low-band, where no local access points to provide wireless high speed Internet access. Bluetooth is a wireless protocol that enables wireless communication to take place in a Personal Area Network (PAN). Makes use of the spectrum frequency hopping to transmit data over short distances from fixed or mobile devices. It is mainly used for exchanging information between mobile phones, cameras digital, laptops, printers and more.
Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
is similar to traditional Ethernet network and as such the establishment of communication needs to a previous configuration. Uses the same frequency spectrum as Bluetooth with a higher output power leads to stronger connections.
Power Supply A power supply is a circuit that converts AC voltage industrial network in a virtually continuous tension.
The power supply used to power a PC with accurate voltage values \u200b\u200b
The power supply is connected to the motherboard and all the accessories that make the inside of the CPU
The main brands are Biswal, noganet, etc.
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